Quiz 07/06/2022 (1)

A 1-year-old female with a past medical history of iron deficiency anemia presents to your clinic with her mother for recurrent episodes of loss of consciousness. Her mother states that whenever she gets very agitated and starts crying, her lips turn blue and she will ”pass out.” She will then awaken after a few seconds. Her neurological exam is normal. Which of the following is the most likely cause of her episodes?

A 62-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of a 2-month history of difficulties getting up from a chair, climbing steps at work, and lifting objects above his head. His primary care physician also noticed a rash on sun-exposed areas of the man’s body. EMG of proximal muscles on this patient with likely reveal which is the following?

A 56-year-old female with a past medical history of IgA deficiency presents to the emergency room with a 4-day history of progressive, ascending lower extremity weakness. Neurological examination reveals flaccid paralysis of the bilateral lower extremities and areflexia. Imaging of the lumbar spine shows contrast enhancement of the cauda equina and CSF studies show elevated proteins and a normal WBC count. What is the most appropriate next step in therapy?

The epileptologist’s EEG report for a patient in the neuro-ICU identifies a “burst suppression” pattern. Which of the following is not a criterion required to diagnose burst suppression?

A 36-year-old woman presents with facial weakness. She states that symptoms started on the right side of the face one week ago, but since then the left side has also become progressively weak. Other pertinent complaints include dry cough, shortness of breath, and joint pain. MRI of the brain shows bilateral contrast enhancement of the facial nerves. Chest X-ray reveals bilateral hilar adenopathy. A diagnostic lymph node biopsy is performed. Which of the following is most likely appreciated on pathologic analysis?

An 82-year-old woman donated her brain to science for post-mortem analysis (see below). Which of the following symptoms did the patient most likely experience before her passing?

Eteplirsen is an effective treatment in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) that have which of the following dystrophin mutations?

A patient with a clinical history concerning for hydrocephalus has an MRI brain completed (see below). Surgical resection was completed and genetic analysis revealed no presence of an IDH mutation or 1p/19q co-deletion. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 90-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with an acute change in mental status. On examination, she is alert but is not answering questions or following commands. Speech is fluent, but not interpretable. Comprehension is severely impaired. Interestingly she was able to repeat full sentences without much difficulty. Which of the following is the most likely territory of ischemic damage?

A newborn is evaluated in the NICU hours after birth to a G1P1 mother with poor prenatal care at 36 weeks. Upon evaluation, the newborn is macrocephalic, jaundiced, and hypotonic. She also has a faint purpuric rash on her extremities and redness of both eyes. CT of the head shows periventricular and basal ganglia calcifications. This condition is likely caused by which of the following organisms?

Which of the following medications is effective in the treatment of myotonia?

A neurology consult was placed for a 35-year-old male who was admitted overnight after a motor vehicle accident that occurred earlier in the day. He experienced multiple bone fractures, including the right humerus at the spiral groove. The primary team is concerned about a radial nerve injury. Which of the following findings are most likely to be found on EMG/NCS?

A 6-year-old patient presents with a decline in neurologic function with ataxia, optic atrophy, spastic tetraparesis, and cognitive decline. MRI shows diffuse white matter demyelination with sparing of the U fibers. Which of the following laboratory tests is most likely to diagnose this problem?

What clinical diagnosis does this EEG tracing suggest?

An MRI is performed on a 30-year-old woman with a 3-day history of intractable headache after a recent epidural and uncomplicated vaginal delivery of a healthy baby girl. Axial T1 pre-contrast (left) and post-contrast (right) MRI images are shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?