Quiz 07/06/2022

Paralysis of the stapedius muscle can occur with ipsilateral damage to which cranial nerve?

A 25-year-old female presents with anisocoria; her right eye is significantly more dilated when compared to the left eye in ambient light. The right pupil is also irregular in shape, does not respond to light, and is sluggish to constrict to near accommodation. When dilute pilocarpine (0.125%) is administered to the right pupil it constricts but the left eye doesn’t react at all.

Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patients’ symptoms?

A 67-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension and diabetes presents with a 5-day history of facial paralysis and an ear rash. The patient states he returned from a 4-day backpacking trip in the Adirondacks 2 weeks ago in upstate New York where he engaged in hiking and freshwater swimming. His temperature is 36.9 °C (98.5°F), pulse is 72/min, and blood pressure is 131/78. Examination reveals an erythematous vesicular rash in the left auditory canal and pinna and drooping of the left face, forehead, and eyelid. A Weber test lateralizes to the right ear and a Rinne test shows air conduction greater than bone conduction in both ears. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following correctly identifies the cranial nerve(s) that transverse through the structure (blue arrow) shown below?

A 56-year-old woman with recent open-heart surgery develops sudden onset, painless right eye vision loss. On funduscopic examination, the optic disc appears swollen and pale. No other significant findings were appreciated on the funduscopic exam. Damage to which of the following structures is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

A 65-year-old male with a history of alcoholic cirrhosis presents to the emergency department with dark black coffee-ground emesis. He is found to have a systolic blood pressure of 76/40 and is tachycardic to 120 BPM. Which nerve is most responsible for carrying the afferent fibers from carotid sinus baroreceptors that cause the reflex increase in heart rate seen in this patient?

Which of the following cranial nerve(s) transverses through the structure (blue arrow) shown below?

A 72 y.o. female presents to the clinic with complaints of decreased interest in eating, and has lost weight. She states foods have an unusual taste and are not appealing. On detailed examination, she is found to have normal extraocular movements, normal facial muscle symmetry, and normal facial sensation and swallowing. On further detailed examination, she has a loss of taste sensation in the right anterior two-thirds of her tongue. Of the following, which is the most likely area of injury?

A 45-year-old patient presents with complaints of new-onset double vision. On the general neurologic exam, you note the patient tilts their head to the left. The remainder of the physical exam is unremarkable. Which of the following is the most common underlying pathologic cause of this issue?

The trochlear nucleus sends nerve fibers to which of the following muscles?

Bilateral exotropia is typically seen with which of the following lesions?

A 65-year-old female presents to the clinic with painless double vision that started abruptly 5 days ago. On exam, pupils are equal, round, and reactive to light bilaterally. On extraocular muscle testing, the left eye has a normal range of motion but the right eye is unable to adduct or elevate. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

Which of the following is the thalamic relay center for proprioception of the face?

A 27-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss. She denies any associated headaches. Episodes typically last between 2 and 6 hours in duration. MRI of the brain with and without contrast did not reveal any pathology. Physical examination is unremarkable except for sensorineural hearing loss appreciated in the right ear. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the thalamic relay center for auditory stimuli?