Quiz 07/13/2022 (1)

The axial T2 brain MRI image shown below is from a 20-year-old man who presented to the hospital after experiencing a motor vehicle accident. Which of the following associated findings would be expected given the abnormality shown?

A critically ill 1-month-old has cerebral vessel imaging performed and shown below. Which of the following comorbid medical issues are likely present?

A 26-year-old physics teacher and mother on valproic acid (VPA) for epilepsy presents to your clinic with her husband stating she wishes to try to become pregnant soon. She asks how anti-seizure medications (ASMs) used during pregnancy may impact the intelligence and school performance of her child. Which is the most accurate response?

Which of the following is seen on muscle biopsy in patients with steroid myopathy?

A 32-year-old male with a longstanding history of epilepsy secondary to mesial temporal sclerosis returns to your clinic. Despite being on appropriate doses of levetiracetam and valproic acid he continues to have 20 partial seizures and 4 generalized tonic-clonic seizures per month. Which of the following is the next best step in his care?

A blood clot in which artery explains the findings below?

A 3-day-old male infant is evaluated in the NICU for fever and focal seizures. He was born at 39 weeks gestation via uncomplicated vaginal delivery and had good APGAR scores. Brain imaging shows periventricular calcifications and severe ventriculomegaly. Auditory testing also demonstrates bilateral hearing impairment. What is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

Which of the following is most often associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease?

A 16-year-old male with no significant past medical history presents to the emergency room with vision complaints and coordination issues. Four days ago, he began experiencing double vision and since then has had progressive difficulty picking up objects and buttoning his shirts. On physical exam, the patient has a decreased range of motion of the extraocular muscles bilaterally, as well as areflexia and ataxia when walking. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 37-year-old woman treated for herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis two months ago returns to the ER with new personality changes, seizures, and orofacial dyskinesia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following vessels that supply the thalamus typically originates from the posterior communicating artery (PCOM)?

Which answer correctly identifies all of the cranial nerve(s) that transverse through the structure (blue arrow) shown below?

Which of the following is the first branch of the internal carotid artery once it enters the skull?

Which of the following is the first abnormal EMG/NCS finding seen in a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome?

A pediatric neurology consult was placed for a 5-day-old, full-term newborn with macrocephaly. When formally measured his head circumference was 46 cm. A tense fontanelle was appreciated on examination. A bedside ultrasound was performed and the only abnormality appreciated was significant hydrocephalus. What is the most likely etiology of the patient’s symptoms?

A 78-year-old male with no past medical history presents to the ED with left-sided hemiparesis and slurred speech at 9 AM. She is unable to provide a clear clinical history. She was noted to be found at 7:30 AM in bed with the above-stated symptoms. Her husband states that the patient went to bed at 10:00 PM the previous night without any symptoms. CT head shows no blood or hypodensities, and CTA head/neck reveals a right MCA occlusion. Her NIHSS is 17. Which of the following treatment options is the most appropriate next step based on the available data?

A 48-year-old patient with a past medical history of chronic migraines is brought in by her family with sudden-onset memory complaints. She is unable to recall where she lives or even her own name. A brain MRI (Left: DWI. Right: ADC.) is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

What is the earliest NCS/EMG abnormality found in AIDP?

Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome (OMS) is associated with which autoimmune antibody?

Patients with Von-Hippel Lindau (VHL) syndrome are at risk of developing which of the following?