Quiz 07/26/2022 (1)

A 27-year-old previously healthy female is seen at the clinic for 5 days of leg weakness. The weakness has progressively been getting worse and now she has difficulty rising from a chair. Her past medical history is unremarkable except for a few days of an upset stomach and diarrhea that occurred two weeks ago. On physical exam, strength is diminished in the bilateral lower extremities. Deep tendon reflexes are 1+ in the lower extremities. A lumbar puncture is ordered. Testing of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in this patient is most likely to show which of the following?

A 56-year-old male comes to the clinic with a burning and tingling sensation in his feet and hands for the past 4 months. He has a history of morbid obesity and underwent gastric bypass surgery last year. On physical exam, he has 3+ ankle and patellar reflexes. He also has a positive Babinski and positive Romberg sign. There is impaired position and vibration sense in his big toe bilaterally. This patient’s condition is most likely due to a deficiency of which of the following?

A 40-year-old male is referred to the clinic for a one-year history of progressive weakness of the upper and lower extremities. Past medical history is impressive for thrombocytopenia, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly. Neurological examination shows 2/5 strength in the distal lower limbs bilaterally with diminished ankle and patellar reflexes. The sensory exam shows diminished vibratory and pinprick sensation in both legs. He also has a markedly orange discoloration of his tonsils. Genetic testing is performed which reveals a mutation in the ABCA1 gene. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 33-year-old female presents to the clinic for evaluation of a left lower extremity foot drop. On physical examination, there is weakness in dorsiflexion. Ankle eversion, inversion, and plantar flexion strength are normal. Hip abduction strength is normal as well. Which of the following is the most likely etiology for the patient’s symptoms?

A 20-year-old female presents to the clinic with weakness and numbness in the right leg. She states that earlier in the day she was taking a long nap on her right side, and when she awoke, her entire leg felt like pins and needles. When she got up, she felt that she was dragging her right leg on the floor. She has had similar experiences in other limbs over the years but symptoms would slowly improve over weeks. Nerve conduction studies showed a right common peroneal nerve conduction block and mildly decreased conduction velocities of all nerves tested. Her mother reports that her father had similar episodes before he passed away from an unrelated illness. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A patient with a history of a right shoulder anterior dislocation comes to the clinic with the chief complaint of right arm numbness. On examination, there is a loss of sensation to light touch on the lateral portion of the upper arm. Based on the sensory disturbance, which of the following nerves is most likely injured?

A 42-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a 2-month history of distal symmetric hand weakness that started after hospitalization for severe abdominal pain. Before this hospitalization, she was drinking alcohol with her friends when she acutely developed severe abdominal pain, nausea, restlessness, altered mental status, and hallucinations. She was noted to have dark urine at the time of admission. Since then, her GI symptoms and mentation have returned to baseline, but her weakness has persisted. On exam, she has 3/5 strength of the intrinsic muscles of the hand bilaterally. Conduction velocities of the bilateral upper extremities were unremarkable. Needle EMG revealed fibrillations and decreased recruitment of motor unit action potentials in muscles innervated by the radial and ulnar nerves. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

A thin 28-year-old male presents to the clinic with complaints of foot drop. On exam, he has a right foot drop as well as numbness on the lateral aspect of the right lower leg. You suspect compression of a nerve at the fibular head. Malfunction of which of the following nerves causes the foot drop itself?

Which of the following forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease causes axonal polyneuropathy?