Welcome to our brachial plexus anatomy and physiology flashcards! Understanding is paramount, but unfortunately, one aspect of academic success does rely on simple memorization and repetition. In our Neurology flashcards feature, we have taken the most commonly seen rote memory topics and “buzzwords” from neurology board and RITE* exams and made easy to use flashcards.

Muscle and nerve associated with winged scapula when damaged
Serratus anterior muscle and long thoracic nerve
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Muscle associated with the first 15 degrees of shoulder abduction
Supraspinatus
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Erb’s palsy
Injury to the upper trunk causes paralysis and atrophy of the deltoid, biceps, and brachialis muscles. The arm hangs by the side and is rotated medially with the forearm extended and pronated and wrist flexed (Waiter’s tip).
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Klumpke’s palsy
Injury to the lower trunk causes paralysis of the intrinsic hand muscles and flexors of the wrist and fingers, causing a "claw hand".
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Common causes of axillary nerve injury
Anterior dislocation of the shoulder, or humerus fracture at the surgical head
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Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve function
Sensory innervation of the lateral aspect of the forearm.
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Most common ulnar nerve injury
Cubital tunnel syndrome
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Froment sign
Seen with ulnar nerve injury and associated adductor pollicis weakness. Patients must flex the thumb at the IP joint to create enough strength when pinching.

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