Quiz 05/31/2022

What is the pathophysiology of the lesion provided below?

A 75-year-old female with a past medical history of atrial fibrillation and hypertension presents to the ER with garbled speech. She seems unaware that her speech is nonsensical. On physical exam, she is unable to follow verbal commands but can understand visual cues. An ischemic injury is suspected. If this is true, a brain MRI would show which of the following areas of the brain is/are affected?

A 65-year-old female presents with an abrupt onset of akinetic mutism, lack of motivation, apathy, bilateral leg weakness, and incontinence. A lesion to which of the following vascular territories could explain her symptoms?

Identify the structures labeled in the image below:

Which of the following is an appropriate test to assess for dorsolateral frontal lobe dysfunction?

Which of the following is not a risk factor for carotid dissection?

A critically ill 1-month-old has cerebral vessel imaging performed and shown below. Which of the following comorbid medical issues are likely present?

A 39-year-old male presents with right-sided weakness and aphasia. NIHSS is 22 on physical exam. He was last known well 2.5 hours prior. The past medical history does not reveal any contraindications to tPA. A CT head is done and shows a hyperdense left MCA sign. The tPA is mixed by the nursing staff while you consent his wife for its administration. When you return to the bedside his aphasia has improved but his NIHSS is still 13. The blood pressure is 189/105 and the glucose is 225. What is the most appropriate next step?

What is the pathophysiology that leads to the pathology shown with a black arrow in the image below?

Which of the following can be appreciated on histopathologic analysis of ischemic tissue five hours after an ischemic injury to the cortex?

A 77-year-old male presents with a 1-year history of worsening bradykinesia, recurrent falls, and a shuffling gait. Past medical history is significant for REM-sleep behavior disorder and diet-controlled hypertension. Neurologic examination reveals a tremor at rest that improves with movement, along with bilateral upper-limb rigidity. Impaired dopaminergic signaling is most likely to be found in which of the following locations?

Which of the following CSF biomarker findings would be expected in someone with Alzheimer’s disease when compared to healthy controls?

A pure sensory stroke is most likely to damage which structure?

A 12-year-old boy with a past medical history of sickle cell disease was admitted to the emergency room in a pain crisis. While being treated with morphine the patient developed acute left arm/leg weakness and numbness. Which of the following is the most likely etiology for the patient’s new neurologic symptoms?