Quiz 06/07/2022 (1)

Which of the following genetic disorders is most commonly associated with holoprosencephaly?

A 40-year-old man is seen in the clinic with the chief complaint of headaches. He endorses a unilateral stabbing-like pain around the temple. This pain lasts 10-30 seconds at a time and occurs dozens of times a day. There were no clear triggers. There is associated ipsilateral conjunctival lacrimation and rhinorrhea. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 30-year-old woman has visual evoked potentials performed that show a right eye P100 latency of 140 msec and a left eye P100 latency of 103 msec. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

A 65-year-old female with 40 pack-year history presents with a 2-week history of generalized weakness that improves with repeated testing. You are concerned for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding LEMS and/or myasthenia gravis (MG)?

A patient with a history of a chronic ischemic stroke has an MRI performed for new-onset seizures. Based on the imaging provided, what is the likely etiology of the patient’s past stroke?

Which of the following has the longest half-life?

A 27-year-old previously healthy female is seen at the clinic for 5 days of leg weakness. The weakness has progressively been getting worse and now she has difficulty rising from a chair. Her past medical history is unremarkable except for a few days of an upset stomach and diarrhea that occurred two weeks ago. On physical exam, strength is diminished in the bilateral lower extremities. Deep tendon reflexes are 1+ in the lower extremities. A lumbar puncture is ordered. Testing of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) in this patient is most likely to show which of the following?

A 66-year-old male presents to the emergency room as an unrestrained driver in a motor vehicle accident. While initially only complaining of mild neck pain, within 30 minutes of the collision he started to experience bilateral numbness in his hands and significant symmetric upper limb weakness. Soon thereafter, the weakness extended down to his lower extremities. Neurologic examination is remarkable for loss of pain and temperature sensation in his bilateral upper extremities and symmetric bilateral upper extremity greater than lower extremity weakness. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 58-year-old female with a history of atrial fibrillation on warfarin presents to the ED with aphasia and right-sided weakness. She was last seen well 2 hours prior. CT imaging is unremarkable. Which is the most appropriate next step?

A 45-year-old man with a past medical history of cardiac arrhythmia requiring pacemaker placement is referred to the clinic with a twenty-five-year history of slowly-progressive bilateral ptosis and diplopia. On examination, he has bilateral ptosis, decreased range of motion of the extraocular muscles, and mild proximal weakness in his upper and lower extremities. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

An otherwise healthy 17-year-old female presents to the emergency department with right arm weakness. The symptoms started insidiously over the weekend and haven’t improved over the last 3 days. Examination shows 4/5 strength of the right upper extremity. A brain MRI is performed and shows a T2 hyperintense lesion in the subcortical white matter with contrast enhancement. No other lesions are seen. Upon further questioning, she states that she has never experienced any similar episodes of transient neurologic symptoms before. Which of the following is the correct diagnosis?

You are evaluating a patient in the clinic for loss of light touch, pain, and body position in the left upper and lower limbs. Within which of the following thalamic nuclei do these signals synapse to third-order neurons?

The anatomical structure identified in the image below (blue arrow) derives from which of the following embryonic tissues?

You are asked to evaluate a patient in the neurointensive care unit who is comatose and has had a somatosensory evoked potential performed. Which of the following is most suggestive of a poor prognosis for this patient?