Quiz 06/11/2022

Which of the following does this EEG tracing reveal?

An 80-year-old woman with a history of well-controlled Parkinson’s disease presents with worsening movements at night. Her husband states that she often punches and yells during her sleep. Some of these movements have been so dramatic that she punched a hole in the wall beside her bed. Melatonin was tried but did not lead to a significant improvement in symptoms. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in treatment?

A 59-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with dizziness and left ear fullness. The symptom is described as a spinning sensation that is present at rest and with action. She has had comparable events before, which have self-resolved over time. The patient is ataxic on the exam and has difficulty hearing out of her left ear. An MRI brain with and without contrast was normal. Which of the following is the most appropriate line of therapy that will decrease the risk of future recurrent events?

An autopsy was performed on a 30-week gestational age stillborn infant. An image of the brain before histopathologic analysis is shown below. Which of the following was likely also appreciated during the autopsy?

A 10-month-old male with no significant past medical history has had a 2-month history of abnormal movements. The family describes these events as head drops and head-turning. On examination, horizontal nystagmus is appreciated. MRI revealed no abnormal findings. What is the most likely diagnosis?

You are evaluating a 1-year-old who has had delayed motor development and diffuse weakness since birth and presents now to the hospital for a first-time seizure. The physical exam is notable for 3/5 deltoid abduction, 4-/5 hip abduction, 4-/5 hip flexion, and 4-/5 hip extension. He is unable to walk but is meeting cognitive milestones. An MRI brain is done and shows diffuse scattered T2 FLAIR white matter hyperintensities.

If genetic testing is performed, a mutation in which of the following genes would be most expected?

The combination of lamotrigine and which of the following drugs increases the risk of lamotrigine toxicity?

Patients with narcolepsy and cataplexy have a deficiency in which of the following neuropeptides?

A 28-year-old caucasian male was last seen well at 9:00 AM when he got into a verbal argument with his girlfriend. When the girlfriend returned from work at 5:00 PM, she found the patient on the floor of the garage altered, and states he “smelled unusual”. In the emergency department, the patient is disoriented but arousable with much effort. He complains of a headache and blurred vision, and he appears uncomfortable with a respiratory rate of 40. You send stat labs and they are listed below. What treatment should you administer immediately?

ABG: 7.18 pH, PCO2 = 28, PO2 = 118
Electrolytes: Na 135 mEq/L, K 5.0 mEq/L, Cl 105 mEq/L, HCO3 15 mEq/L

A 56-year-old man with a past medical history of hypertension and type II diabetes presents to the hospital with acute onset left-sided weakness which started 90 minutes prior to your evaluation. His only medications prior to admission were metformin and verapamil. Vitals were within normal limits except for a blood pressure of 154/92. Physical examination reveals 3/5 weakness in the left arm, leg, and face as well as a moderate sensory disturbance in the same regions. CT head was unremarkable and CT angiogram (CTA) showed no large vessel occlusion. A brief history gathered from his wife revealed no other comorbidities or active medical issues. At this point in his clinical presentation, what is the mechanism of action of the most appropriate therapy?

A 12-year-old boy with a past medical history of sickle cell disease was admitted to the emergency room in a pain crisis. While being treated with morphine the patient developed acute left arm/leg weakness and numbness. Which of the following is the most likely etiology for the patient’s new neurologic symptoms?

A 55-year-old was recently diagnosed with breast cancer. She required a right mastectomy, lymph node resection, and local radiation. She presents to your clinic with right arm pain and weakness. On exam, she has weakness only to forearm pronation, and flexion at the wrist and biceps. She also has numbness of the lateral hand and the first 3 digits.

Which cord or nerve was likely injured from the surgery or radiation?

A 27-year-old woman comes to the clinic for a routine checkup. She appears shy and does not make much eye contact. She mentions that she doesn’t have many friends because feels like she doesn’t deserve them and is fearful of rejection. She has had some depressive episodes in the past, but “does not want to bother anyone” about it. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 65-year-old male is referred to the EMG lab with a recent right leg injury and associated weakness. Based on the EMG shown below, where is the most likely site of neuronal injury?

Which of the following medications requires blood pressure and pulse monitoring for at least 6 hours after the first dose to assess for first-dose-related bradycardia?