Quiz 06/17/2022

A 65-year-old mechanical engineer presents with increasing word-finding difficulties. He is particularly concerned that he is forgetting the names of people, places, and objects. On examination, he has difficulty naming objects when shown (i.e. keys, watch, etc.). Otherwise, his speech is fluent. A SPECT scan shows hypometabolism in the left anterior temporal lobe. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 20-year-old male presents with severe burns on his hands after accidentally touching a stove. Neurology was consulted because the family noted that the patient did not initially pull away from the hot stove as one would expect. Physical exam shows decreased sensation of pain and temperature along the back and arms, with intact strength. T2 sagittal MRI of the cervical spine is shown below. Which of the following is commonly associated with the pathology shown?

Which of the following genetic disorders is most commonly associated with holoprosencephaly?

Axial T2 (left) and T1 (right) brain MRI images of a 3-month-old with a history of seizures and developmental delay are displayed below. Which of the following is the most likely cause for the pathology shown?

A 38-year-old man with a past medical history of chronic cough, and shortness of breath presents with a three-week history of recurrent headaches, confusion, and difficulty with speech. On exam, there are difficulties with attention and mild aphasia. Additionally, there appear to be erythematous nodules along his shins bilaterally. Brain MRI shows a contrast-enhancing lesion in the left hemisphere. Due to the patient’s chronic pulmonary complaints, a chest X-ray is also performed. Which of the following is most likely seen on a chest X-ray?

An 82-year-old woman donated her brain to science for post-mortem analysis (see below). Which of the following symptoms did the patient most likely experience before her passing?

What is a common comorbid issue seen in newborns with the vascular abnormality appreciated in the imaging provided?

Which of the following is the reversal agent for dabigatran?

A 6-year-old girl presents to the clinic with frequent episodes of awakening from sleep in extreme fear. Sometimes she has a brief twitching of the limbs with this. She has these events in clusters on some nights, lasting seconds to minutes. On further questioning, you discover the mother had a similar problem when she was around this age, which slowly got better over time. Both patient and mother are otherwise healthy with no intellectual deficits or symptomatic features. Which of the following gene mutations do they both likely share?

A 23-year-old female with a past medical history of depression presents with right arm paralysis that started after she found out her boyfriend died from a motor vehicle accident. Her physical exam shows no effort during muscle strength testing and positive withdrawal when a noxious stimulus is applied. The rest of the neurological examination, including reflexes, was normal. MRI of the brain and cervical spine were unremarkable. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following best describes the clinical features seen in transcortical motor aphasia?

Which of the following medications is considered a first-line agent for the management of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

A patient recently diagnosed with multiple sclerosis was started on an oral disease-modifying therapy (DMT) that works on nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-related factor (Nrf2)-dependent and independent pathways. One week later they call you complaining of flushing of the skin. What is the most appropriate next step in management?

A critically ill 1-month-old has cerebral vessel imaging performed and shown below. Which of the following comorbid medical issues are likely present?

A 32-year-old male with a longstanding history of epilepsy secondary to mesial temporal sclerosis returns to your clinic. Despite being on appropriate doses of levetiracetam and valproic acid he continues to have 20 partial seizures and 4 generalized tonic-clonic seizures per month. Which of the following is the next best step in his care?