Quiz 06/21/2022 (1)

Identify the structure (blue arrow) shown below:

Which of the following structures is not primarily involved in the processing and relay of auditory information in the central nervous system?

What anatomical structure is the most common location for a Mycobacterium tuberculosis-related CNS infection?

Which of the following structures are not supplied by the posterior cerebral artery (PCA)?

A 68-year-old man with left leg weakness and pain has an MRI performed to evaluate for a possible etiology. Her imaging is provided below. Based on the location of the lesion, which of the following muscles is most likely weak on examination?

A previously healthy 15-year-old male presents to the emergency room after experiencing a concussion while playing soccer. He is now back to baseline but to be thorough the ED physician orders an MRI which is shown below. What is the lesion shown in this MRI?

A 34-year-old female presents to the clinic with the chief complaint of headaches. She endorses a unilateral, throbbing headache that occurs up to 8 times a month. Episodes can last between 1-3 hours. She admits to nausea and photophobia during her headaches. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following medications is the first-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

Which direction are the patient’s eyes moving at the points marked by the green circles?

The medulla is an embryologic derivative of which of the following structures?

A 27-year-old presents to the clinic with finger extension, wrist extension, shoulder abduction, and shoulder adduction weakness. There is also numbness along the lateral and posterior arm. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

A 75-year-old patient is brought by her husband because of word-finding difficulty. On cognitive testing, the most impressive finding was that the patient couldn’t recall many colors of the rainbow. Based on this finding, what kind of memory is most impaired?

A 55-year-old male with a recent history of losing 50 pounds after gastric bypass is referred to the EMG lab with difficulty walking. He has noticed that his left foot drags occasionally causing him to trip and that he has numbness on the top of his left foot up to the middle of his shin. Which of the following statements is the most accurate based on the EMG findings shown below?

A 43-year-old man with obesity and hypertension presents with complaints of excessive daytime sleepiness, gasping awakenings, and witnessed periods of not breathing during sleep. A polysomnogram is performed and confirms the presence of sleep-disordered breathing. What feature would point to a central rather than obstructive cause?

A 30-year-old woman with well-controlled epilepsy with lamotrigine monotherapy comes to the clinic today stating that she and her husband are planning to start a family. Which of the following statements is most correct regarding her clinical situation?

You are caring for a 78-year-old man with slowly progressive memory loss and behavioral change. You are concerned about either frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Which of the following tests would be the most sensitive and specific in differentiating the two?

A 68-year-old female presents to your clinic with the chief complaint of daytime somnolence. She endorses an unpleasant feeling in her lower extremities while trying to go to bed which prevents her from sleeping. Moving her limbs gives transient relief. What is the most appropriate first diagnostic test?

Which of the following is the genetic mutation commonly seen in patients with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP)?

A 55-year-old male presents with progressive worsening new headache over several months. He did not wish to seek medical attention but now presents because his family reports his facial expressions “look different”. On exam, he has impaired upgaze, light near dissociation, and convergence retraction nystagmus. An MRI is done and shows a lesion. Where is the lesion likely located?

The thalamus and hypothalamus are derived from what embryonic structures?