Quiz 07/03/2022

Huntington’s disease is most commonly associated with which of the following?

Which of the following combinations of tumor genetic markers carry the most favorable prognostic value for anaplastic astrocytoma?

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of mitoxantrone?

This brain biopsy is representative of which of the following tumors?

Which of the following can be appreciated on histopathologic analysis of ischemic tissue five hours after an ischemic injury to the cortex?

The patient is a 79-year-old male with a past medical history of myocardial infarction who was referred for a nerve conduction study (NCS) to evaluate his slowly progressive lower extremity numbness and weakness. Which of the following pathologies is most commonly associated with the findings shown in the (NCS) shown below?

A 38-year-old man with a past medical history of chronic cough, and shortness of breath presents with a three-week history of recurrent headaches, confusion, and difficulty with speech. On exam, there are difficulties with attention and mild aphasia. Additionally, there appear to be erythematous nodules along his shins bilaterally. Brain MRI shows a contrast-enhancing lesion in the left hemisphere. Due to the patient’s chronic pulmonary complaints, a chest X-ray is also performed. Which of the following is most likely seen on a chest X-ray?

A 14-year-old girl with no significant past medical history is brought to the clinic with a 1-week history of involuntary movements of the left side of her body. Her mother reports that 1 month ago, she experienced a week of fever, malaise, and fatigue, but they did not seek medical treatment at the time. On physical exam, the patient exhibits involuntary, irregular movements of her neck, left arm, and left leg, and generalized hypotonia. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 90-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with an acute change in mental status. On examination, she is alert but is not answering questions or following commands. Speech is fluent, but not interpretable. Comprehension is severely impaired. Interestingly she was able to repeat full sentences without much difficulty. Which of the following is the most likely territory of ischemic damage?

A 19-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department after a rollover motor vehicle accident. On arrival, she was intubated and sedated for respiratory failure secondary to pneumothorax. Examination revealed intact brain stem reflexes and decreased spontaneous movement of the left side of her body. Her axial head CT scan is shown below. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 32-year-old female presents to the emergency room after a motor vehicle accident as a restrained back seat passenger. Her only complaint on arrival is back pain. She has bruises across her abdomen and chest and a normal neurological exam. Thoracic spine imaging was completed and is shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding driving with epilepsy?

A 38-year-old female presents for 5 weeks of worsening encephalopathy, and blurred vision. An MRI Brain with contrast is performed and shown below (T1 post-contrast, multiple axial sections). Of the following, what is the most likely diagnosis?

EMG abnormalities in which of the following muscles can not localize to the brachial plexus?

Which of the following syndromes are most likely associated with the lesion shown in the image below?

A 53-year-old Spanish-speaking woman comes to your clinic for the first time with complaints of memory loss. She is accompanied by her 16-year-old daughter who is bilingual. You quickly realize that the patient does not have a strong grasp of the English language. After proposing to use a professional translator the daughter says that she feels comfortable translating for her mother. What is the most appropriate next step?

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of clonidine?

A 36-year-old man with no significant past medical history presents with lower back pain, lower extremity weakness, and urinary incontinence. A non-contrast enhancing lesion was found on lumbar MRI (T1 sequence without contrast image shown below). What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 9-year-old boy with no significant past medical history was referred to get an EEG because of declining school performance and concern for staring vs. daydreaming episodes. Hyperventilation was performed and shown below. His EEG was otherwise unremarkable. Based on the available data which is the most appropriate next clinical step?

A 64-year-old woman is brought to the office by her husband for changes in her speech pattern. While neurocognitive testing was largely unremarkable, her spontaneous speech appears effortful, halting, and laced with grammatical errors. MRI of the brain revealed left posterior frontal and insular atrophy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

The pathophysiology of the lesion shown in the gross pathologic image below is most likely which of the following?

A 45-year-old male with a history of IV drug use, HIV, and medication non-compliance is admitted to the hospital with a two-week history of headache, fever, malaise, and double vision. His most recent CD4 count was 180. Lumbar punction is performed. CSF analysis with India ink strain shows encapsulated yeast. Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s symptoms?

Which of the following medications is associated with the occurrence of reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS)?

A 25-year-old female with no significant past medical history presents with a two-day history of progressive bilateral lower extremity weakness and numbness. On physical exam, she has 3/5 strength in hip flexion and knee extension bilaterally, along with a loss of sensation. She is up to date on all vaccinations. She is afebrile. Sagittal (left) and axial (right) T2 thoracic MRI images are shown below. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?