Quiz 07/19/2022

Initiating HAART therapy for a patient with poorly controlled HIV places them at an increased risk for which of the following?

What is the pathophysiology that leads to the pathology shown with a black arrow in the image below?

An 8-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother for complaints of progressive insomnia, difficulty walking, and worsening vision. On exam, the patient is found to be unable to look upwards and her pupils accommodate but fail to react to light. On further questioning, it is found that menarche occurred at 7 years of age. MRI is most likely to demonstrate a tumor of which brain structure?

A 37-year-old woman with a history of chronic alcoholism and amphetamine abuse presents to the ED with a 36-hour history of recurrent hematemesis and abdominal pain. She had no detectible ethanol levels in her blood on arrival. In the ED she complains of double vision and is started on intravenous fluid replacement. Two hours later the patient begins to develop ataxia and becomes progressively disoriented. The patient’s rapid deterioration is most likely due to which condition?

A 38-year-old man presents with frequent headaches over the past year and recent development of polydipsia and polyuria. He has also been complaining of a dry cough, shortness of breath, and erythematous nodules along his shins bilaterally. MRI of the brain shows a contrast-enhancing lesion of the hypothalamus. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

The following gross pathologic coronal section is presented to you for evaluation. The area shown by the black arrow is a sign indicative of which of the following disorders?

What sensitivity should the EEG be at to qualify for brain death criteria?

The pathology seen in the image below is most likely related to maternal use of which of the following medications?

A 27-year-old woman presents with recurrent episodes of tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss. She denies any associated headaches. Episodes typically last between 2 and 6 hours in duration. MRI of the brain with and without contrast did not reveal any pathology. Physical examination is unremarkable except for sensorineural hearing loss appreciated in the right ear. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 42-year-old man with a 6-month history of progressive muscle weakness has a nerve biopsy performed. Based on the toluidine blue (left) and trichrome (right) stain slides shown, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 45-year-old female who is a professional pianist was referred to the EMG lab for right-hand numbness and tingling. Based on the EMG data outlined below where is this patient’s pathological lesion?

Uncal herniation compressing on the structure marked below (black arrow) would lead to which of the following symptoms?

Which of the following medications is considered a first-line agent for the management of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?