Quiz 06/11/2022

A 64-year-old woman is brought to the office by her husband for changes in her speech pattern. While neurocognitive testing was largely unremarkable, her spontaneous speech appears effortful, halting, and laced with grammatical errors. MRI of the brain revealed left posterior frontal and insular atrophy. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A 65-year-old male presents with an acute onset of back pain, bilateral lower extremity weakness, and bladder incontinence. A physical exam reveals decreased strength and loss of pain and temperature sensation in both legs. Vibratory and light touch sensation and proprioception remain intact. A lesion to which of the following arteries would most likely be responsible for this clinical presentation?

A 47-year-old man with a history of bilateral cataract surgery at the age of 20 presents to the clinic for evaluation of progressive unsteadiness and cognitive decline. His father and older brother reportedly had similar symptoms in their early adulthood as well. On exam, there is notable dysmetria and gait ataxia. There were also abnormal soft-tissue masses appreciated near the Achilles tendons bilaterally. Which of the following is most likely to be abnormal in this patient blood?

The pathology shown in the image below is likely due to which of the following?

A 68-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and hypertension presented urgently to the ED with a 2-day history of headaches and confusion. Before any imaging was able to be completed in the emergency room, the patient had a cardiac arrest and died. An autopsy was requested by the family. A gross pathologic image of the patient’s brain is shown below. What is the most likely etiology of the findings seen in this image?

What is the likely etiology of the findings appreciated on the imaging below?

A 69-year-old female is brought to the emergency room by her daughter for excessive stumbling, often tripping on things on the floor. The daughter also says her mother has been behaving oddly, complaining about seeing darkness in a fully lit room, and the inability to recognize her family members. Bilateral pupillary light reflexes are normal. If symptoms are secondary to an ischemic injury, an MRI would show a lesion in which of the following regions?

A 28-year-old female is brought to the emergency room by her husband because of behavioral changes and memory issues over the last 4 days. Right after the MRI, shown below, the patient had a tonic-clonic seizure. Based on the limited clinical history and imaging provided, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A newborn is evaluated in the NICU hours after birth to a G1P1 mother with poor prenatal care at 36 weeks. Upon evaluation, the newborn is macrocephalic, jaundiced, and hypotonic. She also has a faint purpuric rash on her extremities and redness of both eyes. CT of the head shows periventricular and basal ganglia calcifications. This condition is likely caused by which of the following organisms?

Which of the following medications, when taken alongside statin therapy, increases the risk of statin-induced myopathy?

According to Practice Parameters by the American Academy of Neurology, Which of the following is not recognized as a reliable assistive device in accurately predicting a poor outcome in comatose patients after cardiopulmonary resuscitation for cardiac arrest?

The pathophysiology of the lesion shown in the gross pathologic image below is most likely which of the following?

A 65-year-old man comes to the clinic with a one-year history of difficulty walking. More recently, he has also noticed a tendency to drop things. On examination, he was found to have weakness in his bilateral lower limbs, predominantly in his quadriceps muscles, along with finger flexion weakness that is worse on the left side. His sensory examination was normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

The patient is a 79-year-old male with a past medical history of myocardial infarction who was referred for a nerve conduction study (NCS) to evaluate his slowly progressive lower extremity numbness and weakness. Which of the following pathologies is most commonly associated with the findings shown in the (NCS) shown below?